Definition, Types, and Uses of Patch Wiring
Patch cables are critical to the operation of electronic and
optical equipment and can enable system performance to operate at the high
speeds and bandwidth expected.
Definition of patch cabling
A patch cable connects two electronic or optical devices for
signal routing. This is typically used in network applications to
"patch" a signal from one hub, switch, or router to another. Patch
cables can transmit a variety of signals, including:
- Telephone
- Audio
- Video
- Digital signals for on-grid and off-grid applications
Patch cable and patch cord are commonly used
interchangeably. However, the definition of patch cable differs in that patch
cords generally refer to non-networked applications, such as audio component cabling.
Routers or patch panels are hardware assemblies mounted with
ports to connect and manage incoming and outgoing cables in a local area
network (LAN). To organize the circuits in a patch panel, one can plug or
unplug the appropriate patch cords.
Connection Wiring Types
Patch cables are constructed from a variety of cable types,
including coaxial, UTP, STP, and fiber patch cables. Also, pigtails refer to a
cable assembly that has only been terminated at one end with bare wires
exposed. This enables the installer to design the field termination for a
direct and lasting connection.
Copper Patch Cables
Copper is used in Ethernet and patch cables because of its
durability.
- Tensile strength,
- Ductility,
- Thermal expansion,
- Corrosion resistance, and
- Flexibility
Ethernet cables and patch cables can be interchanged.
However, patch cables are generally shorter cable assemblies used to connect
equipment in computer racks or racks, or to connect peripherals to the
computer. Generally used over short distances, they generally do not exceed two
meters in length. Some applications require longer cables for looping, to allow
for future movement, or to eliminate slack and potential damage or kinks.
However, some copper patch cables may be only a few centimeters long.
LANs typically use Category 6A, 6, 5e, or 5 patch cables.
Cable manufacturers vary their designs to allow for distinct electrical
performance, thus it's worth researching cable brands and their specific
technology. While network speeds can be very fast, a patch cable can be a
source of signal obstruction and degradation. Thus, selecting the correct patch
cable for the intended application and network environment is very important.
It can improve the performance of the whole network.
Fiber Optic Patch Cables
A fiber optic patch cord, or "patch cable", is a
set of cables with a fiber optic cable terminated at each end. Pre-terminated
connectors allow it to be easily connected to an optical switch, CATV, or other
telecommunications equipment. It connects an optical transmitter, a receiver,
and a terminal box. These devices can make use of single-mode or multimode
fiber patch cables, as well as various fiber optic connectors.
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